Windmill.



3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patmd Nov. 1a, i502.

WINDNIILL.

J. H. TINNEY.

(Application led June 17, 1902.1

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(No Modal.)

Patented` Nov. |902.

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wmomlu.. (Application tiled June 17, 1902.1

(llo Nudel.)

` DA c. TM: NoRRxs percus co. mow-uwe., wAsmnuTou lllniTTnn STaTnsPnTnivT @Tricia JAMES R. TINNEY, OF EL PASO, TEXAS.

WlNDlViILL.

SEECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 713,817, dated November18, 1902.

Application filed .Tune 17, 1902. Serial No. 112,089. (No model.)

To @ZZ 'Luiz/mn, it may concern:

Beit known that 1, JAMES R. T1NNEY,a citizen of the United States,residing at El Paso, in the county of El Paso and State of Texas, haveinvented a new and useful Vindmill, of which the following is alspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in windmills.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofwindmills and to provide means for varying the stroke of a windmill withthe velocity or force of the Wind, to increase the length of the strokeas the velocity of the wind increases, and to reduce the length ofstroke as the force of the wind abates, whereby Windmills are enabled tooperate more uniformly and to greater advantage and without injury inhigh winds of varying velocity.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction of thischaracter which will also be capable of controlling the fansurface orblade-surface of the wind-wheel to reduce the exposed surface When thevelocity of the wind increases beyond a predetermined point, wherebyinjury to the windmill will be eectually prevented.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a Windmill constructedin accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view partly insection. Fig. 3 is a side view of the Windwheel. Fig. 4 is a horizontalsectionalview taken through the shaft of the Wind-Wheel and illustratingthe connection between the governor and the slidable wedge forcontrolling or varying the length of the stroke. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 aredetail views of the crank-wheel, illustrating the manner of mounting theslidable wedge. Fig. S is a detail view of the central portion of thewind-wheel.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

1 designates a vertically-disposed tubular shaft provided between itsends with a turntable 2, located above a cap 3 of a tower 4 andpreferably supported by antifriction-balls 5,

which are spaced apart to receive a crank disk y,

or wheel 11 and a pitman 12 for connecting the disk or Wheel 11 with apump-rod 13; The pump-rod is arranged between the sides or arms of theframe or bracket S and is extended through a top guide 14 of the side orarm 10, which projects above the other side or arm 9. The extended side10 has a suitable vane 15 xed to it, and the other side 9 is providedwith a bearing for a horizontal tubular Windwlieel shaft 16, upon whichis mounted the wind-wheel 17.

The Wind-Wheel 17 consists of a central disk 18, radial arms or spokes19, and blades 20. The disk 18 forms the hub of the wheel and issuitably secured to the outer end of the tubular shaft 16, and the arms19, which are secured at their inner ends to the disk 18, are connectedby an outer rim 20fland an inner ring 21, located at the outer and innerends of the blades.

The lblades are provided at their outer and inner -ends with pivots 22and 23, and the inner pivots 23 are extended and bent at an angle toform arms, which are arranged in perforations 24 of a movable ring 25,which is adapted to be oscillated to partially rotate the blades toexpose more or less of their surfaces tothe wind. The movable-ring issuitably mounted on the wind-Wheel and is located Within the inner ring,and it is connected with a sleeve 26 by means of links 27. The links 27have their inner endspivotally connected with the sleeve, and theirouter ends have a limited longitudinal movement on the movable oroscillatory ring 25 to permit the sleeve 26 to'slide longitudinally ofthe wind-Wheel shaft. The outer ends `of the links may be provided withslots 28 to permit this result, or any other suitable means may beemployed for this purpose. The inner ends of the links are preferablyprovided IOO with a pivot 29, which is arranged in suitable ears orbearings of the slidable sleeve. The slidable sleeve 26 is provided witha diagonal slot 3l, receiving a pin Or projection 32 of the horizontalwind wheel shaft, whereby when the sleeve is moved longitudinally of theshaft it will also be partially rotated to open and close the blades.The sleeve is provided at its inner and outer ends with fianges, asshown, and a coiled spring 33 is interposed between it and the hub ofthe windwheel to hold the slidable sleeve normally at the limit of itsmovement to maintain the blades in their closed position. lVhen thesleeve is moved inward by the means hereinafter described, the bladesare open to lessen the surface presented to the wind to reduce the speedof the wind-wheel.

In order to increase the durability and efficiency of the windmill, thecrank-disk is provided with an adjustable wrist-pin 34, capable ofradial movement and adapted to'vary the stroke of the windmillautomatically with the velocity of the wind, so that when the force ofthe wind increases the length of the stroke of the pump-rod will becorrespondingly increased and when the force of the wind abates thestroke of the pump-rod will be decreased. By this construction theoperation of the parts to increase the work performed by the pump-rodwith the increase of the force of the wind will prevent injury to thewindmill by such variations in the force of the wind and will therebyincrease the durability of the windmill and at the same time enable thesame to operate more advantageously. The wrist-pin, which is connectedwith the lower end of the pitman, is provided with a shank 35, arrangedin a radial Way of the crank disk or wheel and provided with anapproximately T-shaped slot or opening 36 to receive a slidable Wedge37. The crank disk or wheel is hollow, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6,being preferably composed of a back plate or body portion having anannular flange 38 and a removable front plate 39. The back plate or bodyportion of the disk or wheel is provided with a radial groove 40 toreceive the inner end of the' shank 35, and the outer removable plate 39is provided with a slot 4l, arranged opposite the groove 40 andreceiving the 'ou ter portion of the shank. The slidable wedge isprovided at its longitudinal edges with flanges 42 and 43,'the flanges42 being arranged in the approximately T- shaped slot or opening 36ofthe shank of thev wrist-pin and the other flanges 43 being arranged ina way formed by grooves 44 and 45 of the body portion of the disk orwheel and the removable plate 49. The outer flanges 42, which areinterlocked with the shank of the wrist-pin, are arranged at an angle tothe inner flanges 43, and it will be apparent that the wrist-pin will bemoved inward and outward when the sliding wedge is reciprocated. Theiianges project from both of the faces of the wedge, as clearly shown inFig. 6, and

they are rmly interlocked with the crank disk or wheel and the shank ofthe wrist-pin.

The inner and outer ends of the wedge are connected with the ends 46 and47 of a cable 48 or other iiexible connection, which passes over a pairof guide-pulleys 49 and 50 and extends through the tubular Wind wheelshaft to a guide-pulley 5l. The guide-pulleys 49 and 50, which aremounted on the crank disk or wheel, are located at the inner end of thetubular wind-wheel shaft, and the outer guide-pulley 51 is supported bya pair of brackets 52 and is located at a point opposite the outer endof the horizontal windwheel shaft. The brackets 52, which areapproximately V-shaped, are secured to the arms or spokes of thewind-wheel and are provided with suitable bearings or perforations forthe pivot or spindle of the guidepulley 5l. By this arrangement it willbe seen that the sliding wedge will be moved across the crank disk orwheel when the cable is actuated.

One of the sides or flights of the longitudinal portion of the cable isconnected at a point beyond the Wind-wheel at 53 with a cross bar orhead 54, which connects the outer end of a pair of reciprocating rods55. The rods 55, which extend from the cross bar or head 54 through thewindwheel, are connected at their inner ends with a fiange or plate 56,which is loosely mounted on the wind-wheel shaft. The reciprocatory rods55 are pivoted near their outer ends by pins 57 or other suitablefastening devices to arms of bell-crank lever 58, which are fulcrumed attheir angles on suitable supports 59 ofthe wind-wheel and which areconnected with governor-rods 60. A pair of centrifugal governors isemployed, and each governor consists of a weighted lever 6l, fulcru medon a bracket or support 62 of the wind-wheel, and is connected betweenits ends with the outer end of the governorrod 60. The rod 60 passesthrough a guide 63 of the rim of the Wind-wheel and is engaged by acoiled spring 64, disposed on the rod and interposed between the guide63 and a collar or flange 65 and adapted to assist in maintaining theblades closed and in nor-` mally holding the levers in the positionshown in Fig. 3. In order for the governors to effect the opening of theblades, the force of the wind must be sufficient to overcome the springs64 and the spring 33. When the force of the wind increases suli'icientlyto throw the weighted arms of the levers 61 outward, theradially-disposed arms of the bell-crank levers will be oscillated andthe cable will be actuated to increase the length of the stroke of thepump-rod, and the length of the stroke of the pump-rod will beautomatically varied to adjust it to the force of the wind. Should,however, the force of the wind increase beyond a predetermined degreeand be dangerous to the windmill, the reciprocatory rods will be carriedoutward sufficiently to engage the flange 56 with the slidable sleeveand open IOO IIO

the blades of the wind-wheel and expose less fan-surface to the wind andmaintain a uniform speed. Should the force of the wind suddenlyincrease, the governor1 will be operated by the increased speed of thewindwheel to reduce the fan-surface exposed to the wind and will lessenthe speed ofthe windwheel. In this manner the wind mill is adapttooperate at a uniform speed during storms and high winds. The windmill isautomatic in its operation of controlling the stroke of the pump-rod toadapt the work to be performed to the power of the wind.

Any suitable means may be employed for enabling the windmill to bestopped from the base of the tower, and this operation may be readilyeffected by means of a lever 66, of bell-crank form, fulcrumed at itsangle at 67 on the bracket or frame and connected with an operating rodor wire or other suitable connection. One arm of the bell-crank lever isarranged in an upright position and the other arm extends horizontally,and the operating-wire or other connection is provided with a flexibleportion passing over a pulley 68 and adapted when the operating cord orwire is pulled to throw the horizontal arm upward and thereby move theflange 56 outward on the wind-wheel shaft. This movement will slide thesleeve inward toward the wind-wheel and thereby compress the spring 33and open the blades.

It will be seen that the Windmill is exceedingly simple and inexpensivein construction, that it is positive, reliable, and automatic in itsoperation, and that it is capable of varying the length of the stroke ofthe pump-rod to the force of the wind, so that as the force of the windincreases the stroke will be lengthened and as it decreases the strokewill b e shortened.

What I claim isl. In a windmill the combination with a wind-wheel, acrank element provided with a pivotal pin, a wedge for moving the pivotinward and outward to Vary the length of the stroke,and means forautomatically operating the wedge as the wind varies in force,substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, the combination ofa windwheel, a crank disk or Wheelconnected with the wind-wheel and provided with a wrist-pin slidablymounted on it, a wedge mounted-on the crank disk or wheel and connectedwith the wrist-pin and adapted to move the same inward and outward, andmeans for automatically operating the wedge to vary the length of thestroke with the intensity of the wind, substantially as described.

3. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel, a crank disk or wheel,a wrist-pin slidably mounted on the crank disk or wheel and adapted tomove inward and outward to vary the length of the stroke, a slidingwedge interlocked with the wrist-pin and arranged in a suitable way ofthe disk or wheel, and means for automatically reciprocating the wedgeto vary the length of the stroke with the intensity of the wind,substantially as described.

v4. In a Windmill, the combination of awindwheel, a crank disk or wheelprovided with a movable wristpin, a slidable wedge connected with thewrist-pin and mounted on the crank disk or wheel, a flexible connectionextending from the wedge and arranged on suitable guides, and a governorcarried by the wind-wheel and connected with the flexible connection,substantially as described.

5. In a windmill, the combination of awindwheel, a crank disk or wheelprovided with a movable wrist-pin, a sliding wedge carried by the diskor wheel and connected with the wristpin, a flexible connectionextending from the wedge, a slidable element connected with the flexibleconnection, and a governor for operating the slidable element,substantially as described.

b. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel, a hollow wind-wheelshaft, a crank disk or wheel having a movable wrist-pin, a slidablewedge connected with the Wrist-pin and adapted to actuate the same, a`llexible connection extending from the wedge through the wind-wheelshaft to the exterior of the wind-wheel, and a governor mounted on thewind-wheel and connected with the flexible connection, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel, a hollow wind-wheelshaft, a crank disk or wheel having a movable wrist-pin, a wedgearranged to actuate the wrist-pin, guide-pulleys arranged at the innerend of the wind-wheel shaft, an outer guide-pulley located beyond theWind-wheel, a flexible connection arranged on the guide-pulleys andconnected with the wedge, and a governor carried by the wind-wheel andconnected with the flexible connection, substantially as described.

S. In awindmill, the combination of a windwheel, a crank disk or wheelcomposed of a body portion having a groove 40 and provided with a groove44 arranged at an angle to the groove 40, a wrist-pin guided in thegroove 40, and a face-plate connected with the body of the disk or wheeland provided with aslot to receive the wrist-pin and having a groove 43arranged opposite the groove 44, a wedge engaging the Wrist-pin andprovided with flanges arranged in the grooves 43 and 44, and a governormounted on the wind-wheel and connected with the wedge, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel, a hollow wind-wheelshaft, a crank disk or wheel provided with a movable wristpin, a wedgefor actuating the Wrist-pin, a sliding frame mounted on the wind-wheelshaft and connected with the wedge,and a governor carried by thewind-wheel and connected with the sliding frame, substantially asdescribed.

10. In awindmill,the combination ofa windwheel, a crank disk or wheelprovided with a IIO movable Wrist-pin, a Wind-Wheel shaft, a slidingframe mounted on the Wind-wheel shaft and` connected with the movableWrist-pin, and a governor carried by the Wind-Wheel and connected Withthe sliding frame, substantially as described.

11. In a Windmill,the combinationof a wind- Wheel, a Wind-Wheel shaft, acrank disk or Wheel having a movable Wrist-pin, a sliding Wedgeconnected With the Wrist-pin, a slidable frame mounted on the Wind-Wheelshaft, connections between the sliding frame and the Wedge, and agovernor mounted on the Wind-Wheel for actuating the sliding frame,substantially as described.

12. Inawindmill,thecombinationofawind- Wheel,a Wind-Wheelshaft,acrankdisk orwheel provided With an adjustable Wrist-pin, a slidable frameconnected with the wrist-pin and adapted to actuate the same, leversfulcrum ed on the Wind-wheel and connected with the slidable frame, andgovernors carried by the wind-wheel and connected with the levers,substantially as described.

13. Inawindmill,thecombinationofawind- Wl1eel,a hollow Wind-wheelshaft,a crank disk or Wheel having a movable Wristpin,a flexibleconnection extending through the shaft and connected With the Wrist-pin,a slidable frame composed of rods,a cross-head connecting the outer endsof the rods and connected with the said fieXible connection and asliding plate or flange connected with the inner ends of the rods,levers fulcrumed on theWind-Wheel and connected with the rods, andgovernors connected with the levers, substantially as described. Y

14. In a Windmill,the combination of a Wind- Wheel having pivotedblades, acrank element connected With the Windwheel,and means forautomatically adjusting the crank element to vary the length of thestroke with the intensity of the Wind and :for automatically opening andclosing the blades of the wind-Wheel, substantially as described.

15. Ina Windmill,the combination ofa Wind- Wheel having pivoted blades,a Wind-Wheel shaft, ay sliding sleeve mounted on the shaft and connectedwith the pivoted blades,a sliding frame arranged to engage the slidingsleeve, agovernor mounted on the Wheel and connected With the slidingframe, and a movable crank element connected with the sliding frame,substantially vas described.

16. InawindmilhthecombinationofaWind- Wheel having pivoted blades, awindwvheel shaft, a sliding sleeve connected With the pivoted blades andhaving a diagonal opening, a projection mounted on the shaft andarranged in the diagonal opening of the sleeve, a spring engaging thesleeve, a sliding frame arranged to engage the sleeve, an adjustablecrank element connected with the sliding frame, and a governor carriedby the Wind-Wheel for actuating the sliding frame, substantially asdescribed.

17. Inawind mill,the com bination of a Windwheel having pivoted blades,an oscillatory ring connected with the blades, a Wind-Wheel shaft, asliding spring-actuated sleeve having a limited rotary movement andmounted on the shaft, said sleeve being also connected with the blades,a sliding frame composed of side rods and inner and outer connectingportions and arranged to engage the sleeve, levers mounted on the wheeland connected with the said rods, governors connected with the levers,and an adjustable wrist-pin connected with the sliding frame,substantially as described.

18. In a windmill,the combination of aWind- Wheel having pivoted blades,an adjustable Wrist-pin, a sliding frame connected with the wrist-pin, alever arranged to engage the sliding frame, means connected With thelever for enabling the same to be operated from the base of the tower,substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiiixedmy signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JAMES R. TlNNEY.

Witnesses:

SEYMOUR THURMOND, S. N. RUSSELL.

